Apache 服务器的搭建和配置

服务器 0

一、基本介绍

    Apache HTTP Server(简称Apache)是Apache软件基金会的一个开放源码的网页服务器,可以运行在几乎所有广泛使用的计算机平台上,由于其跨平台和安全性被广泛使用,是最流行的Web服务器端软件之一,Apache的主程序名为httpd。

二、apache安装

1.关闭防火墙和selinux

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld && setenforce 0

2、yum安装,开启,查看apache端口

[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y httpd[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start httpd[root@localhost ~]# netstat -lntp | grep 80 #apache的端口为80,net-tools                                            

  index.html :默认访问网站的主页名称

  默认发布网站的目录:/var/www/html

3、编写测试页面,并访问

[root@qfedu.com ~]# echo dir1 > /var/www/html/index.html

  apache 安装完成

三、访问控制

将http.conf文档复制并去掉httpd.conf的#

去掉httpd.conf里面的空行

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/httpd/conf/[root@localhost conf]# sed -i.back '/#.*/' httpd.conf[root@localhost conf]# sed -i '/^$/d' httpd.conf

1、允许所有人访问

vim  /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 编辑配置文件<Directory "/var/www">    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks    AllowOverride None    Require all granted</Directory>systemctl restart httpd   重启httpd

2、只拒绝一部分客户端访问:

vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf<Directory "/var/www">    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks    AllowOverride None   <RequireAll>    Require not ip 10.36.192.24 10.36.192.25 #将不允许访问的客户端IP写在这里,以空格隔开    Require all granted  </RequireAll></Directory>systemctl restart httpd  #重启httpd

3、只允许部分ip访问

vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf<Directory "/var/www">    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks    AllowOverride None   <RequireAll>     Require ip 10.36.192.16  </RequireAll> systemctl restart httpd

4、拒绝所有ip访问

vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf<Directory "/var/www">    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks    AllowOverride None   <RequireALL>    Require all deined   </RequireAll>systemctl restart httpd

四、修改默认网页发布目录

1.创建网站发布目录

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir  /web

2.修改配置文件

[root@localhost httpd]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.confDocumentRoot "/web"   			# 修改网站根目录为/web<Directory "/web">       		# 把这个也对应的修改为/web

3.创建测试页面

[root@localhost ~]# vim index.html这是一个测试页面

4.重启httpd

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl  restart httpd

五、虚拟主机

虚拟主机:将多个网站放在同一台服务器上

1 、基于端口

  (1)修改配置信息

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.confServerRoot "/etc/httpd"Listen 90Listen 100 #添加端口

 (2)修改次配置信息

[root@localhost dir2]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/test.conf<VirtualHost *:90>  DocumentRoot /web/dir1<Directory "/web/dir1">  AllowOverride None  Require all granted</Directory></VirtualHost><VirtualHost *:100>  DocumentRoot /web/dir2<Directory "/web/dir2">  AllowOverride None  Require all granted</Directory></VirtualHost>

(3)创建目录,发布项目
 

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /web/dir1[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /web/dir2[root@localhost ~]# touch /web/dir1/index.html[root@localhost ~]# touch /web/dir2/index.html将前端代码发布到index.html中

(4)重启httpd并查看

2.基于域名

(1)修改次配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/test.conf<VirtualHost *:80>  DocumentRoot /web/dir1ServerName  www.zhangxiao.com<Directory "/web/dir1">  AllowOverride None  Require all granted</Directory></VirtualHost><VirtualHost *:80>  DocumentRoot /web/dir2ServerName www.zx.com<Directory "/web/dir2">  AllowOverride None  Require all granted</Directory></VirtualHost>

(2)重启httpd

[root@localhost~]# systemctl restart httpd

(3)配置域名解析

C:/Windows/System32/drivers/etc10.36.192.66  www.zhangxiao.com10.36.192.66  www.zx.com

(4)重启并查看

3.基于ip

(1)添加一个新的网卡ip

[root@localhost ~]# ip a a 10.36.192.188 dev ens33

(2)修改配置次文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/test.conf<VirtualHost 10.36.192.66:80>  DocumentRoot /web/dir1<Directory "/web/dir1">  AllowOverride None  Require all granted</Directory></VirtualHost><VirtualHost 10.36.192.188:80>  DocumentRoot /web/dir2<Directory "/web/dir2">  AllowOverride None  Require all granted</Directory></VirtualHost>

(3)重启httpd

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart httpd

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