【SpringBoot】-- 实现本地文件/图片上传到服务器生成url地址

2024-04-18 服务器 0

在java项目中你可能会有以下需求：用户上传本地图片，然后展示在网页上。本篇文章将使用阿里云oss实现上传图片到oss，oss生成url。

一、准备工作

首先进入阿里云，按如下操作

进入创建页面，修改读写权限为公共读

然后进入bucket，创建AccessKey

创建后，保存好AccessKeyID和AccessKey Secret

二、代码

将以下依赖添加到项目的pom.xml文件中

<dependency>    <groupId>com.aliyun.oss</groupId>    <artifactId>aliyun-sdk-oss</artifactId>    <version>3.15.1</version></dependency><dependency>    <groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId>    <artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId>    <version>2.3.1</version></dependency><dependency>    <groupId>javax.activation</groupId>    <artifactId>activation</artifactId>    <version>1.1.1</version></dependency><!-- no more than 2.3.3--><dependency>    <groupId>org.glassfish.jaxb</groupId>    <artifactId>jaxb-runtime</artifactId>    <version>2.3.3</version></dependency>

创建一个工具类，用于配置aliyunoss

添加以下代码：（注意修改）

import com.aliyun.oss.ClientException;import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException;import com.aliyun.oss.model.PutObjectRequest;import com.aliyun.oss.model.PutObjectResult;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.InputStream;public class AliOssUtil {    // Endpoint以华东1（杭州）为例，其它Region请按实际情况填写。    private static final String ENPOINT = "地区";    // 从环境变量中获取访问凭证。运行本代码示例之前，请确保已设置环境变量OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID和OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET。//        EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = CredentialsProviderFactory.newEnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider();    private static final String ACCESS_KEY_ID="你的ID";    private static final String ACCESS_KEY_SECRT="KEY";    // 填写Bucket名称，例如examplebucket。    private static final String BUCKETNAME = "你的bucket名称";    public static String uploadFile(String objectName, InputStream in) throws Exception {        // 创建OSSClient实例。        OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(ENPOINT,ACCESS_KEY_ID,ACCESS_KEY_SECRT);        String url = "";        try {            // 填写字符串。            String content = "Hello OSS，你好世界";            // 创建PutObjectRequest对象。            PutObjectRequest putObjectRequest = new PutObjectRequest(BUCKETNAME, objectName,in);            // 如果需要上传时设置存储类型和访问权限，请参考以下示例代码。            // ObjectMetadata metadata = new ObjectMetadata();            // metadata.setHeader(OSSHeaders.OSS_STORAGE_CLASS, StorageClass.Standard.toString());            // metadata.setObjectAcl(CannedAccessControlList.Private);            // putObjectRequest.setMetadata(metadata);            // 上传字符串。            PutObjectResult result = ossClient.putObject(putObjectRequest);            //url组成:http://bucket名称.区域节点            url = "https://" + BUCKETNAME + "." + ENPOINT.substring(ENPOINT.lastIndexOf("/")+1)+"/"+objectName;        } catch (OSSException oe) {            System.out.println("Caught an OSSException, which means your request made it to OSS, "                    + "but was rejected with an error response for some reason.");            System.out.println("Error Message:" + oe.getErrorMessage());            System.out.println("Error Code:" + oe.getErrorCode());            System.out.println("Request ID:" + oe.getRequestId());            System.out.println("Host ID:" + oe.getHostId());        } catch (ClientException ce) {            System.out.println("Caught an ClientException, which means the client encountered "                    + "a serious internal problem while trying to communicate with OSS, "                    + "such as not being able to access the network.");            System.out.println("Error Message:" + ce.getMessage());        } finally {            if (ossClient != null) {                ossClient.shutdown();            }        }        return url;    }}

然后在控制类中使用

@RestControllerpublic class FileUploadController {    @PostMapping("/upload")    public Result<String> upload(MultipartFile file) throws Exception {        String originalFilename = file.getOriginalFilename();        //保证文件名字唯一，防止文件覆盖        String filename = UUID.randomUUID().toString()+originalFilename.substring(originalFilename.lastIndexOf("."));        String url = AliOssUtil.uploadFile(filename,file.getInputStream());        return Result.success(url);    }}